L’apprendimento del linguaggio: cosa fare e non fare per aiutare il bambino a parlare

Il momento in cui il bambino inizia a pronunciare le sue prime parole è forse quello che più emoziona un genitore.
In un precedente articolo (link qui) avevo offerto una panoramica del lungo percorso affrontato dal bambino prima di arrivare a pronunciare le sue prime parole. In realtà però, le prime parole costituiscono, a loro volta, solo l’inizio di quel processo che porterà il bambino, nell’arco di un tempo relativamente breve, a padroneggiare pienamente la propria lingua madre, ad un livello assai maggiore di quanto un qualsiasi adulto potrebbe apprendere una lingua straniera.
La conquista del linguaggio, che per Montessori rappresenta una delle 3 “lauree” della vita (insieme a quella del movimento e del pensiero), permette al bambino di entrare in una nuova fase e di porsi in una relazione nuova con l’adulto.
Molti genitori si chiedono però come sia meglio gestire questo difficile processo, cosa sia giusto fare o non fare per aiutare il bambino nella sua opera di costruzione linguistica.
Vediamo quindi alcuni consigli su come facilitare lo sviluppo e l’arricchimento linguistico del bambino:
Cosa fare
E’ importante capire che per la mente assorbente del bambino non esistono facile e difficile. Gli oggetti e le attività quindi devono essere chiamate con il loro nome!
Chiamare il cane “baubau” non è una facilitazione, semmai un elemento di confusione..
Ai bambini bisogna parlare con assoluta naturalezza, usando il nostro vocabolario, senza sforzarci di semplificarlo senza ragione.
Guardare sempre il bambino quando gli si parla
Quando ci si rivolge al bambino è importante cercare il suo sguardo e instaurare con lui un collegamento visivo oltre che verbale. Lo sguardo infatti è una fondamentale via di relazione e comunicazione.
Scandire le parole, con lentezza
Non c’è nessuna fretta! Parlate al bambino con lentezza, scandendo bene le parole, soprattutto se lunghe o particolari. Ciò consentirà al bambino di coglierle e assimilarle bene.
Leggere drammatizzare filastrocche
Uno dei mezzi più efficaci per nutrire il linguaggio del bambino sono le filastrocche. La loro semplicità e musicalità colpisce il bambino e le rende di facile assimilazione. Sono particolarmente consigliate le filastrocche inerenti la vita quotidiana, ad esempio situazioni note al bambino (il bagnetto, il riposo…). Molti autori consigliano di iniziare a proporre filastrocche già durante la gravidanza e continuare a ripresentarle man mano che il bambino cresce.
Leggere o raccontare brevi storie
Altro prezioso alleato nel potenziare ed arricchire il vocabolario infantile sono le storie e i racconti, che si rivelano ancor più efficaci se accompagnati da forme di drammatizzazione.
Fino ai 3 anni circa è consigliabile proporre al bambino per lo più storie la cui trama sia aderente alla realtà, possibilmente pertinente la vita quotidiana del bambino. Fantasia ed immaginazione infatti non sono ancora ben sviluppate e il bambino necessita prima di cogliere e far propria la realtà. E’ fondamentale inoltre che nelle storie proposte vi sia una chiara consequenzialità tra gli avvenimenti.
Ascoltare, incoraggiare e valorizzare la produzione linguistica del bambino
Alla base della conquista e della strutturazione del linguaggio c’è anche una vasta componente di fiducia in sè. E’ di centrale importanza che il bambino sia valorizzato e incoraggiato nella propria produzione, anche quando questa non si rivela quella “ideale” e magari non soddisfa le aspettative dell’adulto.
Anche negli interventi di “correzione” quindi intervenite con dolcezza e pacatezza, senza spazientirvi anche se alcune difficoltà tendono a ripetersi nel tempo. La frustrazione può diventare uno degli ostacoli peggiori per la crescita serena del bambino.
Dialogare con il bambino
Alcuni importanti studi (come quello della Scuola di salute pubblica dell’Università della California, pubblicato sul numero di luglio della rivista Pediatrics) dimostrano che uno dei migliori aiuti allo sviluppo del linguaggio viene dal conversare con il bambino.
Esatto! Gli adulti dovrebbero sforzarsi di provare a coinvolgerli in una conversazione, dandogli la possibilità di parlare (anche se il risultato è un semplice “bababa“) e rispondendogli.
Questo “dare e avere” favorisce non solo lo sviluppo linguistico ma anche quello relazionale.
Nomenclare oggetti e attività
L’attività di nomenclatura è perfetta per arricchire il vocabolario del bambino. L’adulto dovrebbe prestare attenzione a nominare sempre al bambino gli oggetti utilizzati e le attività praticate, anche nei momenti più semplici (dal cambio del pannolino al bagnetto).
Maria Montessori ha sviluppato vere e proprie attività di apprendimento basate sulla nomenclatura, come la nomenclatura con copie in miniatura, la nomenclatura con oggetti reali, la nomenclatura con copie di oggetti misti (per saperne di più sulla nomenclatura, vedi QUI).
Cosa non fare
Non sostituirsi alla sua produzione
Spesso l’adulto, vedendo il bambino arrancare nel pronunciare alcune parole, tende ad intervenire e a finirle al suo posto, credendo così di facilitarlo. In questo modo però egli si sostituisce alla sua produzione e gli si impedisce di procedere per quel percorso fatto di prove ed errori necessario a consolidare questa complessa facoltà.
Non “scimmiottare il bambino”, ridendo dei suoi errori
Purtroppo accade di assistere a qualche adulto che, seppur in buona fede, non riesce a fare a meno di prendere in giro il bambino perché non riesce a pronunciare correttamente una parola. Quello che per molti può essere però sol uno scherzo innocente può essere per il bambino fonte di frustrazione e origine di insicurezza!
Non correggerlo rigidamente in caso di errore
Una rigida correzione (“No! Non si dice così!”) ha più effetti negativi che positivi.
L’aiuto maggiore che possiamo dare al bambino in caso di errata pronuncia è piuttosto fornirgli la ripetizione corretta del vocabolo da lui pronunciato in maniera storpiata (“Libro? È questo che volevi dire?”).
In ultima analisi, il consiglio più importante che mi sento di fornirvi però è: non andate in ansia!
Non bisogna mai dimenticare che ogni bambino ha i suoi tempi.
Conoscere le tappe evolutive del bambino è importante, ma rimanere rigidamente ancorati ad esse e pretendere che entro certi tempi il bambino abbia forzatamente compiuto determinate acquisizioni porta solo ansia, timori e frustrazione.
L’approccio ideale quindi è conoscere quali progressi appartengono a ogni periodo, e poi, in base al bimbo reale che si ha davanti, adeguarsi. Questo vale soprattutto nel caso del linguaggio, dove a fare davvero la differenza sono il contesto e il sostegno che il bambino può ricevere.
Se l’articolo ti è piaciuto condividilo!






I like the valuable info you supply in your
articles. I’ll bookmark your blog annd check again rught hewre frequently.
I’m relativeoy certain I’ll be told lots of new stuff right right here!
Best of luck for the following!
It’s great that you are getting ideas from this article as well as from our dialogue
made at this place.
I believe what you posted made a bunch of sense.
But, what about this? what if you added a little information? I ain’t suggesting your information is not good., however suppose you added a
headline that makes people want more? I mean L’apprendimento del linguaggio: cosa fare e non fare per aiutare il bambino a parlare –
Aiutami a fare da me is kinda vanilla. You should glance at Yahoo’s front page and
note how they write news headlines to get people to open the links.
You might try adding a video or a picture or two to
grab people interested about everything’ve written. Just my opinion, it would bring your posts a little bit more interesting.
Everything is very open with a precise explanation of
the issues. It was definitely informative. Your site is
very helpful. Many thanks for sharing!
GLOBAL BUSINESS ELITE YOUR WHOLESALE SUPPLIER OF AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL COMMODITIES
We are a global company providing food, ingredients, agricultural solutions and industrial products that are vital for living. We connect farmers with markets so they can prosper. We connect customers with ingredients so they can make meals people love. And we connect families with daily essentials from eggs to edible oils, salt to skincare, feed to alternative fuel.https://globalbusinessltd.co.uk/
Global business elite
copper cathode
aluminium wire scrap
scrap processor
scrap cpus
waste paper scrap
fridge compressor scrap
cable scrap
scrap copper wire
waste paper for sale
ceramic cpu scrap
icumsa 100
cpu scrap
wholesale sugar suppliers uk
scrap processor
scrap central processing units
occ paper scrap
occ waste paper scrap
nut prosper globe
ocopper cathode specifications
sachet water filling and sealing machine
insulated copper wire scrap
waste paper supplier
recycled copper wire
copper scrap wire
occ waste paper suppliers in uk
processor gold recovery
waste paper supplier
ccopper wire scrap millberry
Touche. Great arguments. Keep up the good effort.
I rеally llike it ԝhen individuals ɡet together and share views.
Ԍreat blog, continue tһe gooɗ ᴡork!
Feel frdee tօ visit my web blog :: Colleen Hoover Ebook Boxed Set Hopeless Series: Hopeless / Losing Hope / Finding Cinderella / Finding Perfect
I got this web site from my friend who shared with me concerning
this website and at the moment this time I am browsing this site and reading
very informative articles at this time.
Good day! Would you mind if I share your blog with my myspace group?
There’s a lot of folks that I think would really appreciate your content.
Please let me know. Thanks
I got this website from my buddy who told me concerning this website and now this time I am
visiting this website and reading very informative
articles here.
Good day! I know this is kinda off topic but I was wondering if you knew where I could locate a captcha plugin for
my comment form? I’m using the same blog platform as yours and I’m having difficulty finding one?
Thanks a lot!
It’s very easy to find out any matter on net as compared to textbooks, as I found this piece of writing at this web site.
Hello there! This is my 1st comment here so I just wanted to give
a quick shout out and say I genuinely enjoy reading your articles.
Can you recommend any other blogs/websites/forums that go over the same subjects?
Many thanks!
Thanks for some other great post. Where else may
just anyone get that type of information in such a perfect manner of writing?
I’ve a presentation subsequent week, and I am at the search for such information.
It’s an awesome paragraph designed for all the internet
people; they will get advantage from it I am sure.
I used to be suggested this web site by my cousin. I’m now not positive whether or not this submit is written by way
of him as nobody else know such distinct about my difficulty.
You are incredible! Thank you!
Hello, i read your blog from time to time and i own a similar one and
i was just wondering if you get a lot of spam remarks?
If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can suggest?
I get so much lately it’s driving me crazy so any assistance is very much appreciated.
Thanks for one’s marvelous posting! I definitely enjoyed reading it, you might be a great author.
I will make sure to bookmark your blog and will come back very soon. I want to encourage you continue your
great writing, have a nice afternoon!
bookmarked!!, I really like your site!
I have been browsing on-line greater than 3 hours as of late, yet I never
found any interesting article like yours. It’s pretty price enough
for me. In my opinion, if all website owners and bloggers made just right content
as you probably did, the net shall be a lot more helpful than ever before.
Can you tell us more about this? I’d love to find out more details.
You could definitely see your expertise within the work you write.
The arena hopes for more passionate writers like you who are not afraid to say how they believe.
Always go after your heart.
Useful information. Fortunate me I discovered
your web site by chance, and I am surprised why this coincidence did not
happened in advance! I bookmarked it.
What’s Taking place i’m new to this, I stumbled upon this I have discovered It positively helpful and it has helped
me out loads. I hope to contribute & aid different customers
like its helped me. Great job.
I’m really impressed with your writing skills as well as with the layout on your
blog. Is this a paid theme or did you customize it
yourself? Either way keep up the nice quality writing, it’s rare to
see a nice blog like this one these days.
Wonderful post but I was wondering if you could write
a litte more on this topic? I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a
little bit more. Thanks!
Hi! Would you mind if I share your blog with my twitter
group? There’s a lot of people that I think would really enjoy
your content. Please let me know. Cheers
Do you have a spam issue on this blog; I also am a blogger, and I was wanting to know your situation; we have
developed some nice practices and we are looking to trade methods with others, be
sure to shoot me an e-mail if interested.
Hello, I do believe your web site could be having
web browser compatibility issues. Whenever I look at your blog in Safari, it looks fine but
when opening in I.E., it’s got some overlapping issues. I merely wanted to give you a
quick heads up! Apart from that, great blog!
Hi, I wish for to subscribe for this website to obtain most up-to-date updates, thus where can i do
it please help out.
Touche. Sound arguments. Keep up the great spirit.
Hello friends, how is the whole thing, and what you want to say regarding this article, in my view its genuinely amazing
in support of me.
What i do not understood is if truth be told how you’re no longer really much more smartly-appreciated than you may be right now.
You are so intelligent. You know thus considerably
relating to this subject, made me in my view consider it from numerous numerous angles.
Its like men and women aren’t fascinated except it’s something to do
with Woman gaga! Your individual stuffs excellent. At all times maintain it up!
It’s actually a nice and useful piece of information. I am
happy that you just shared this helpful information with us.
Please stay us informed like this. Thanks for sharing.
I like the valuable info you provide in your articles.
I will bookmark your weblog and check again here frequently.
I’m quite certain I’ll learn a lot of new stuff
right here! Best of luck for the next!
First off I want to say wonderful blog! I had a quick question in which I’d like to ask if you do not mind.
I was curious to know how you center yourself and clear your thoughts before writing.
I have had a tough time clearing my mind in getting my ideas out there.
I truly do enjoy writing but it just seems like the first 10 to 15 minutes
tend to be wasted just trying to figure out how to begin. Any
recommendations or hints? Thanks!
Do you have any video of that? I’d love to find out some
additional information.
Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wished to say that I’ve truly enjoyed browsing your blog posts.
After all I will be subscribing to your rss feed and I hope
you write again soon!
Hey there! I’ve been reading your weblog for a while now and finally got the courage to go ahead and give
you a shout out from Lubbock Texas! Just wanted to say keep up the great
job!
Paragraph writing is also a excitement, if you be acquainted with then you can write if not it is difficult to write.
Saved as a favorite, I really like your site!
This is my first time go to see at here and i am truly pleassant to read everthing at single place.
Great post. I used to be checking constantly this weblog and I’m impressed!
Extremely useful info specially the ultimate section 🙂 I maintain such information much.
I used to be looking for this certain information for a very long time.
Thanks and good luck.
Post writing is also a fun, if you be acquainted with after that you
can write or else it is complicated to write.
We stumbled over here from a different web address and thought
I might check things out. I like what I see so now i’m following you.
Look forward to looking into your web page yet again.
If you want natural, high-quality results, this is the place to go! Laura is an expert at what she does, and she genuinely cares about her clients. I wouldn’t trust anyone else with my face!
Visit my web page – http://giftedbrits.com/
I do accept as true with all the ideas you’ve presented to your post.
They are really convincing and will certainly work. Nonetheless,
the posts are very brief for starters. May just you please
prolong them a little from next time? Thanks for the post.
Thanks for another informative web site.
Where else may just I am getting that type of information written in such a perfect means?
I have a undertaking that I am just now operating on, and
I have been on the glance out for such information.
I used to be suggested this blog by my cousin. I’m now
not sure whether this publish is written by means of him as nobody else recognize such specific about my trouble.
You’re wonderful! Thank you!
My spouse and I stumbled over here coming from a different website and thought
I should check things out. I like what I see so now i am following you.
Look forward to finding out about your web page for a second time.
I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme.
Did you make this website yourself or did you hire
someone to do it for you? Plz reply as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like to find out
where u got this from. thanks a lot
It’s impressive that you are getting ideas from this post as well as from our dialogue made at this
time.
Very quickly this web page will be famous amid all blog visitors, due to it’s good articles
My programmer is trying to persuade me to move to .net from PHP.
I have always disliked the idea because of the expenses. But he’s
tryiong none the less. I’ve been using Movable-type on a number of websites for about a year and am anxious about switching to another
platform. I have heard good things about blogengine.net.
Is there a way I can import all my wordpress content
into it? Any help would be really appreciated!
I am really impressed together with your writing talents and
also with the structure for your blog. Is that this a
paid theme or did you customize it your self?
Either way stay up the excellent high quality writing, it is uncommon to peer a great weblog like this one
these days..
Hello! I realize this is sort of off-topic but I needed to ask.
Does managing a well-established blog like yours take a massive amount work?
I’m completely new to running a blog but I do write in my journal everyday.
I’d like to start a blog so I can share my experience and views online.
Please let me know if you have any ideas or tips for new aspiring blog
owners. Appreciate it!
We are a group of volunteers and opening a new scheme in our community.
Your web site provided us with valuable information to work on. You’ve done a formidable job and our whole community
will be thankful to you.
Howdy! Quick question that’s completely off topic.
Do you know how to make your site mobile friendly? My blog looks weird when viewing
from my apple iphone. I’m trying to find a theme or plugin that
might be able to correct this problem. If you have any recommendations, please
share. Thanks!
If some one needs to be updated with hottest technologies after that he must be pay
a quick visit this site and be up to date all the time.
Hi, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just wondering
if you get a lot of spam remarks? If so how do you stop it,
any plugin or anything you can recommend? I get so much lately it’s
driving me mad so any help is very much appreciated.
Why users still make use of to read news papers when in this technological globe the whole thing is existing on web?